Long drives put a lot of stress on the fuel system, and the fuel pump that delivers the fuel from the tank to the engine is surely the most prone to wear and malfunction. The normal operating pressure of the Fuel Pump-usually ranges from 30 to 50 psi, depending on the model of the vehicle. This can cause wear and tear, especially when the car travels for long distances or is used under extreme conditions. According to the Automotive Technology Institute, about 10% of fuel pump failures in vehicles over 100,000 miles occur after long-distance driving. One of the most effective ways to prevent fuel pump issues after long road trips is to maintain a sufficient level of fuel in the tank. Keeping the tank at least a quarter full helps ensure that the fuel pump remains submerged in fuel. This is critical because fuel pumps rely on fuel to lubricate and cool their components. When the tank runs low, the pump risks running dry, which can lead to overheating and, in extreme cases, total failure. A study done by the American Car Maintenance Association (ACMA) indicated that vehicles with less than 1/8th of a tank are 15% more likely to experience fuel pump failure.
Another way to prevent fuel pump failure is by using good-quality fuel. Not all fuels are equal, and using lower-quality fuel can introduce contaminants and debris into the fuel system. Fuel with higher levels of ethanol, for example, can corrode fuel system components, including the pump. In fact, a report by the U.S. Department of Energy states that vehicles that use ethanol-blended fuel have a higher tendency to develop fuel pump and fuel line corrosion, especially in older vehicles. By using premium fuel and refueling at reputable gas stations, drivers minimize the chances of clogging the fuel filter and damaging the fuel pump.
During long trips, vehicles also operate at higher speeds and in more strenuous conditions. It is true that the engine and fuel pump can generate heat, which may hasten wear. For this reason, it is important to cool the engine. Before a long drive, it is a good idea to check the levels of the engine coolant since overheating can impact the efficiency of the fuel pump. For example, the average temperature of a fuel pump under stress can rise to 230°F, which is far above the optimal operating temperature. However, the risk of a fuel pump failure caused by overheating can be minimized by monitoring coolant levels and making sure all cooling system problems are fixed before heading out.
The second point of fuel pump maintenance over time is changing the fuel filter. A fuel filter which is clogged reduces the flow of fuel and overworks the pump to a failure. They should be changed between 30,000 to 40,000 miles, or earlier if the problems arise. According to the Car Care Council, 25% of car problems related to fuel were due to neglected fuel filters. Regular replacement ensures that the pump remains efficient and less prone to pressure issues during long driving periods.
Besides, general vehicle maintenance will also help prevent fuel pump failure. Problems such as low battery voltage or faulty relays may prevent the fuel pump from operating properly. For instance, low voltage, apart from being potentially the cause of the fuel pump always running at less than normal speed, may lead to inefficient fueling and possible pump damage. Approximately 20% of the fuel pump failures are reportedly due to electrical problems in nature, such as voltage issues, according to research from AutoTech Solutions.
Finally, it would be necessary to check up on the condition of the fuel pump itself before hitting the road for a rather long drive. Besides this, regular inspection of the fuel pump and its ancillary devices for the slightest signs of wear, unusual noises, or weak fuel pressure will help in the early identification of problems. If it is more than 100,000 miles old, it is advisable to consider replacing it before the trip to avoid unexpected breakdowns. According to a 2019 survey by AutoCare Research, 30% of vehicles on the road have never had their fuel pump inspected or replaced, putting them at a higher risk of failure during extended use.
To learn more about ensuring the reliability of your fuel system and maintaining your vehicle’s Fuel Pump, visit Fuel Pump.